Investigation on Bamboo Species, Resources and Industry in Africa Bamboo Zone
-
摘要: 不考虑无天然竹类分布的欧洲，世界可划分为亚太、美洲和非洲3大竹区。非洲竹区的竹类少有研究。结合在马达加斯加的实地考察，经整理，非洲有竹类植物71个种、2个品种，其中草本竹类13个种，木本竹类58个种、2个品种；原产竹类52个种、1个品种，引进竹类19个种、1个品种。文中总结梳理了非洲竹类的繁殖培育、资源保护、利用与贸易等现状。Abstract: There are 3 bamboo zones across the world: Asia-Pacific, Americas and Africa, with Europe excluded as there is no bamboo naturally distributed in Europe. There are few researches on bamboo species in African Bamboo Zone. With the field trip in Madagascar, related information has been collected and classified, and it was found that, it has been found that there are 71 bamboo species and 2 cultivars, including 13 herbaceous bamboo(Olyreae) species, 58 woody bamboo(Bambuseae) species and 2 woody bamboo cultivars. Among them, there are 52 endemic species and 1 endemic cultivar, 19 exotic species and 1 exotic cultivar. The current situation of bamboo breeding and cultivation, resources conservation, bamboo utilization and trade were summarized.
-
Key words:
- bamboo plant /
- classification /
- distribution /
- cultivation /
- bamboo industry /
- trade /
- Africa
-
表 1 非洲竹区草本竹类
表 2 非洲竹区木本竹类
-
[1] Walter S. Non wood forest products in Africa: a regional and national overview[M]. Québec, Canada: FAO, 2001: 1. [2] 郭振华, 李德铢.竹亚科系统学和生物地理学研究进展及存在的问题[J].云南植物研究, 2002, 24(4): 431-438. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-0845.2002.04.003 [3] Flora of China Editorial Committee. Flora of China:Vol 22[M]. Beijing: Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, 2006: 7. [4] 吕锦明.台湾竹图鉴[M].台北:晨星出版社, 2010: 4. [5] Ohrnberger D. The bamboos of the world: annotated nomenclature and literature of the species and the higher and lower taxa[M]. Elsevier Science, 1999: 8-9, 309. [6] Jiang Z H. Bamboo and rattan in the world[M]. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House, 2007: 2. [7] 吴君琦. 基于国际贸易的中国竹产业竞争力研究[D]. 北京: 中国林业科学研究院, 2009: 29-38. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-82201-2009194254.htm [8] Lobovikov M, Paudel S, Piazza M, et al. World bamboo resources: a thematic study prepared in the framework of the global forest resources assessment 2005[M]. Québec, Canada: FAO, 2007. [9] 林维治. 东非马拉加西共和国竹之种类及其分布[G]//台湾林业试验所. 林维治先生竹类论文集. 台北: 台湾林业试验所, 1997: 371-403. [10] 竺肇华.赴非洲三国考察的报告[J].竹子研究汇刊, 2002, 21(1): 23-30. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6567.2002.01.006 [11] Ohrnberger D, Goerrings J. The bamboos of the world[M]. Dehra Dun, India: International Book Distributors, 1988. [12] Dransfield S. Valiha and Cathariostachys, two new bamboo genera (Gramineae-Bambusoideae) from Madagascar[J]. Kew Bulletin, 1998, 53(2): 375-397. doi: 10.2307/4114503 [13] Dransfield S. Sirochloa, a new bamboo genus from Madagascar (Poaceae-Bambusoideae)[J]. Kew bulletin, 2002, 57(4): 963-970. doi: 10.2307/4115726 [14] Stapleton C M A. Bergbambos and Oldeania, new genera of African bamboos (Poaceae, Bambusoideae)[J]. PhytoKeys, 2013, 25: 87-103. doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.25.6026 [15] Launert E. Flora Zambesiaca:10(1)[M]. London, England: Royal Botanic Gardens, 1971. [16] Meredith T J. Bamboo for gardens[M]. New York, USA: Workman Pub Co., 2001:304-305. [17] 李伟成. 酒竹的基础生物学特性研究[D]. 南京: 南京林业大学, 2010. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10298-2010253505.htm [18] Kigomo B N. Bamboo resource in the east Africa region[G]//Bamboo current research-proceedings of the 3rd intenational bamboo workshop. Cochin, India: Kerala Forest Reearch Institute, 1988: 22-28. [19] Kigomo B N. An overview of bamboo and rattan sector in Kenya[R]. Nairobi, Kenya: Kenya Forestry Research Institute, 2000. https://betuco.be/agroforestry/a%20bambu/Bamboo%20and%20Rattan%20kenya.pdf [20] Kigomo B N. Distribution, cultivation and research status of bamboo in eastern Africa[M]. Nairobi, Kenya: Kenya Forestry Research Institute, 1988. [21] Bystriakova N, Kapos V, Lysenko I. Bamboo biodiversity: Africa, Madagascar and the Americas[M]. UNEP, 2004:10-14. [22] Kigomo B N. Guidelines for growing bamboo: KEFRI guideline series: No. 4[M]. Nairobi, Kenya:Kenya Forestry Research Institute, 2007: 24. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/OAPaper/oai_doaj-articles_bc8702bd0b71cf98627c0d55364a1e6d [23] Diad E E E, Ahmed A E, Mohamed S E. Macropropagation of Oxytenanthera abyssinica (A. Rich) Murno from culm cuttings in the nursery[G]//International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD). XII World Forestry Congress Bulletin. Quebec, Canada: IISD, 2003. http://www.fao.org/docrep/ARTICLE/WFC/XII/0673-B4.HTM [24] Sertse D, Disasa T, Bekele K, et al. Mass flowering and death of bamboo: a potential threat to biodiversity and livelihoods in Ethiopia[J]. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences, 2011, 1(5): 16-25. http://innspub.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/JBES-V1-No-5-p16-25.pdf [25] Embaye K, Christersson L, Ledin S, et al. Bamboo as bioresource in Ethiopia: management strategy to improve seedling performance (Oxytenanthera abyssinica)[J]. Bioresource technology, 2003, 88(1): 33-39. doi: 10.1016/S0960-8524(02)00265-1 [26] 曹雄丽, 文韵, 陶现灵, 等. 32种经济竹种的组培及苗木培育技术研究[J].林业调查规划, 2012, 37(5): 128-134. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-3168.2012.05.031 [27] Embaye K, Weih M, Ledin S, et al. Biomass and nutrient distribution in a highland bamboo forest in southwest Ethiopia: implications for management[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2005, 204(2): 159-169. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112704006693 [28] Tadesse M. Bamboo and rattan trade development in Ethiopia[G]// International Network for Bamboo and Rattan. Bamboo for the Environment, Development and Trade. Wuyi, Fujian, China: INBAR, 2006: 17-24. [29] Chihongo A W, Kishimbo S I, achwele M D, et al. Bamboo production-to-consumption systems in Tanzania[R]. Beijing: International Etwork for Bamboo And Rattan, 2000: 3-4. [30] Yamashita N, Vinyard C J, Tan C L. Food mechanical properties in three sympatric species of Hapalemur in Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar[J]. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2009, 139(3): 368-381. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.v139:3 [31] IUCN. The IUCN red list of threatened species [DB/OL]. (2013). [2014-03-10]. http://www.iucnredlist.org/. [32] Kelbessa E, Bekele T, Gebrehiwot A, et al. A socio-economic case study of the bamboo sector in Ethiopia: an analysis of the Production-to-Consumption system[R]. Addis Ababa: Kenya Forestry Research Institute, 2000. [33] Ingram V, Tieguhong J C, Nkamgnia E M, et al. Bamboo production to consumption system in Cameroon[R]. Bogor, Indonesia: Center for International Forestry Research. 2010: 26-30. [34] 高黎, 王正, 蔺焘.高地竹与毛竹主要物理力学性能的比较研究[J].世界竹藤通讯, 2010, 8(4): 20-22. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-0431.2010.04.005 [35] 安鑫, 覃道春, 余林, 等. 4种国外竹天然耐久性的综合评价[J].竹子研究汇刊, 2012, 31(3): 44-47. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6567.2012.03.009 [36] Ballhorn D J, Kautz S, Rakotoarivelo F P. Quantitative variability of cyanogenesis in Cathariostachys madagascariensis:the main food plant of bamboo lemurs in southeastern Madagascar[J]. American Journal of Primatology, 2009, 71(4): 305-315. doi: 10.1002/ajp.v71:4 [37] Mekuriaw Y, Urge M, Animut G. Intake, digestibility, live weight changes and rumen parameters of washera sheep fed mixtures of lowlan bamboo(Oxytenanthera abyssinica) leaves and natural pasture grass hay at different ratios[J]. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2012, 11(4): 322-331. doi: 10.3923/pjn.2012.322.331 [38] Antwi-Boasiako C, Coffie G Y, Darkwa N A. Proximate composition of the leaves of Bambusa ventricosa, Oxytenanthera abyssinica and two varieties of Bambusa vulgaris[J]. Scientific Research and Essays, 2011, 6(34): 6835-6839. doi: 10.5897/SRE [39] Ibeh Bartholomew O, Ezeja Maxwell, Habu Josaiah Bitrus. Phytochemical constituents and in vitro antioxidant capacity of 2 methanolic leaf extract of Oxytenanthera abyssinica (A. Rich Murno)[J]. European Journal of Medicinal Plants, 2013, 3(2): 206-217. doi: 10.9734/EJMP [40] Yessoufou A, Gbenou J, Grissa O, et al. Anti-hyperglycemic effects of three medicinal plants in diabetic pregnancy: modulation of T cell proliferation[J]. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013, 13(1): 77. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-77 [41] Ingram V, Tieguhong J C, Nkamgnia E M, et al. The bamboo production to consumption system in Cameroon[R]. Bogor, Indonesia: Center for International Forestry Research, 2010: 33-39. http://webdoc.sub.gwdg.de/ebook/serien/yo/CIFOR_WP/WP50.pdf [42] Ongugo P O, Sigu G O, Kariuki J G, et al. Production-to-consumption systems: a case study of the bamboo sector in Kenya[M]. Nairobi, Kenya: Kenya Forestry Research Institute, 2000: 15-26. -
点击查看大图
表(2)
计量
- 文章访问数: 3448
- HTML全文浏览量: 29
- PDF下载量: 9015
- 被引次数: 0
下载:
