Construction and Development of the Experimental Forest Network in the U.S.
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摘要: 长期定位观测网络是各国科研人员在研究与揭示生态系统结构与功能变化规律时采用的重要方法，是阐明生态系统内在机制、动态平衡以及生物化学循环过程不可替代的研究手段。世界各国都建立了生态资源与环境监测网络，是目前长期定位观测发展的主流方向。文中介绍了美国试验林网络体系（EFRs）的背景与起源、任务目标、网络构架、运行机制、研究内容、贡献与成就，以及在其发展过程中存在的问题；希望通过分析美国试验林网络体系的建设和发展，为我国未来林业生态观测网络建设提供参考。
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关键词:
- 试验林网络体系(EFRs) /
- 美国 /
- 启示
Abstract: Long-term observation network is an important method used by researchers worldwide to study and reveal the law of ecosystem structure and function change. It is an irreplaceable research method to elucidate the intrinsic mechanism, dynamic balance and biochemical cycle of ecosystem. Therefore, many countries began to establish ecological resources and environmental monitoring network, a mainstay direction of long-term observation development. This paper introduced the background and origins, missions and objectives, operating mechanism, research content, contribution and achievements, and problems arising of Experimental Forests & Ranges System established in the US. It is hoped that the analysis of the establishment and development of US experiment forest network system would provide references to the future development of the forest ecological observation network in China.-
Key words:
- experimental forests & ranges system (EFRs) /
- United States /
- inspiration
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表 1 EFRs网络体系内的其他合作生态观测研究网络(项目)
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[1] YOUNG J A, CLEMENTS C D. Range research:the second generation[J]. Journal of Range Manage, 2001, 54(3):115-121. [2] ADAMS M B, LOUGHRY L, PLAUGHER L. Experimental forests and ranges of the USDA Forest Service[M]. New York:Springer, 2014. [3] U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service-Experimental Forests & Ranges-About[EB/OL]. [2016-10-09]. http://www.fs.fed.us/research/efr/about/index.shtml. [4] U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service-Experimental Forests & Ranges[EB/OL]. (2012)[2016-10-19]. http://www.fs.fed.us/research/efr/. [5] POST D A, JONES J A. Hydrologic regimes of forested, mountainous, headwater basins in New Hampshire, North Carolina, Oregon, and Puerto Rico[J]. Advances in Water Resources, 2001, 24(9/10):1195-1210. https://www.srs.fs.fed.us/pubs/25402https://www.srs.fs.fed.us/pubs/25402 [6] GHOLZ H L, WEDIN D A, SMITHERMAN S M, et al. Long-term dynamics of pine and hardwood litter in contrasting environments:Toward a global model of decomposition[J]. Global Biology, 2000, 6(7):751-765. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00349.x [7] CESARE C. Budget showdown leaves US science agencies in limbo[J]. Nature, 2015, 523(7562):513-514. doi: 10.1038/523513a -
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