Application of SolVES Model to Social Values Evaluation for Ecosystem Services
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摘要: 生态系统服务功能社会价值评估是优化区域资源管理、提高社会治理水平的重要依据，但因其自身的无形性、主观性、不确定性常在研究中被忽视且难以有效量化。传统的生态系统服务价值评估主要以自然要素测度为主，既忽略了社会属性及价值，又导致评估结果缺乏完整性、客观性。SolVES模型以非货币化价值指数表示、定量化评估精度高、适用性广泛、空间可视化程度高等特点，广泛应用于不同生态系统及空间尺度的评估。文中概述SolVES模型的框架及原理，结合相关应用案例总结该模型当前的研究成果、研究热点及优缺点，对其未来发展趋势进行归纳和展望，可为SolVES模型更好地应用于生态系统服务功能社会价值评估提供参考。Abstract: Evaluating social values for ecosystem services is critical for optimizing regional resource management and raising the bar for social governance. However, social values are often overlooked and difficult to properly measure because of their invisibility, subjectivity and uncertainty. The conventional methods of ecosystem service assessment are based mainly on the measurement of natural variables, which not only ignores the social attributes and values but also leads to the evaluation results lack in integrity and objectivity. The SolVES model has been most widely used in different ecosystems and spatial scales owing to its characteristics like non-monetized value index, high precision of quantified estimation, broad applicability and powerful spatial visualization. This paper summarizes the framework and principles of the SolVES model, summarizes the research progress, research hotspots, advantages and disadvantages of the model in combination with relevant cases, and proposes the prospect of its future development. This study would provide a reference for the better application of SolVES model to social value evaluation for ecosystem services.
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Key words:
- ecosystem services /
- social values /
- SolVES /
- model evaluation
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表 1 生态系统服务模拟模型及其特点
模型名称 利益相关者的引入 适用的空间尺度 输出结果 优点 缺点 InVEST 可选 景观或流域单元 货币/物质量 空间可视化程度高、数据获
取难度低简化了生物物理过程 SolVES 需要 景观单元 价值指数 适应性广 环境变量参数设置单一 ARIES 可选 景观或流域单元 货币/物质量 可实现多种生态系统服务空间流动过程的评估 评估结果精度较低、局限于美国及墨西哥部分区域的应用 SWAT 否 流域单元 物质量 将目标流域细分为若干个面积相对较小的水文
响应单元只适用于水文过程的量化 MIMES 可选 景观单元 货币 考虑了生态系统服务价值的时空动态 众多模块正在开发之中 EMP 需要 景观或流域单元 货币/物质量 将生态、经济和居民生活质
量等问题纳入考虑范围普及性较差 
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