森林康养科学研究现状与展望

刘思思; 乔中全; 金天伟; 王晓明; 刘新民

doi:10.13348/j.cnki.sjlyyj.2018.0053.y

森林康养科学研究现状与展望

doi: 10.13348/j.cnki.sjlyyj.2018.0053.y

刘思思^{1, 2,},
乔中全¹,
金天伟³,
王晓明^1, ,,
刘新民^{1, 2, 4, ,}

1.
湖南省林业科学院, 长沙 410004
2.
湖南中医药大学, 长沙 410208
3.
湖北省林业调查规划院, 武汉 430223
4.
中国医学科学院、北京协和医学院药用植物研究所, 北京 100193

基金项目:

湖南省重点研发计划项目 2017DK2021

湖南省林业科技计划项目 XLK201709

湖南省林业科技计划项目 XLK201611

详细信息

作者简介:
刘思思(1988-)女, 博士, 研究方向为森林与人体健康关系, E-mail:liusisi274@126.com

通讯作者:
王晓明(1964-)男, 研究员, 研究方向:花卉与药用植物育种、栽培技术研究, E-mail:wxm1964@163.com

刘新民(1962-)男, 教授, 博士生导师, 研究方向:中药神经精神药理及实验方法研究、森林康养有效性和安全性研究, E-mail:liuxinmin@hotmail.com

中图分类号: F326.2;S718.5
计量
- 文章访问数: 1814
- HTML全文浏览量: 31
- PDF下载量: 1084
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-02-11
- 修回日期: 2018-07-05
- 刊出日期: 2018-10-01

Scientific Research on Forest Wellness: Review and Expectation

Sisi Liu^{1, 2
,},
Zhongquan Qiao¹,
Tianwei Jin³,
Xiaoming Wang^{1
, ,},
Xinmin Liu^{1, 2, 4
, ,}

1.
Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410004, China
2.
Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
3.
Hubei Forestry Investigation and Planning Institute, Wuhan 430223, China
4.
Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China

摘要

摘要: 近年来，基于森林的生态保健功能，利用优质的森林资源开展养生保健、预防疾病正成为国际社会维护人类健康的新潮流和新趋势。森林康养应运而生并受到社会各界的广泛关注，森林康养产业也随之兴起。文中系统综述近年来国内外森林康养对人体健康有效性、森林康养食品、森林康养安全性等研究现状，分析当前森林康养科学研究中存在的不足，并对未来研究进行展望，旨在为我国森林康养科学研究和相关产业发展提供参考。
- 森林康养 /
- 森林环境 /
- 有效性 /
- 安全性
Abstract: Based on the ecological and health care function of forest, caring health and preventing diseases by utilizing high-quality forest resources are the new trend of the international community to safeguard human health in recent years. Forest wellness has emerged following the trend and drawn wide attention from all walks of life, meanwhile the related industry is rising. This paper reviews in systematic way the current research on forest wellness, including the effectiveness of forest wellness to improve human health, food for forest wellness, and the safety of forest wellness. Finally, the deficiencies in current studies are analyzed, and future prospects in this field are discussed. The objective of this study is to provide helpful references to the scientific research and industry development of forest wellness in China.
- forest wellness /
- forest environment /
- effectiveness /
- safety

HTML全文

表 1 近10年森林康养科学研究报道

研究对象	性别和研究样本数	平均年龄	研究地点	康养形式	实验康养时长	研究结论	参考文献
老年高血压患者	男、女共12人	60~75	中国浙江森林	森林浴	180 min/d, 7 d	森林浴可用于治疗老年高血压，可诱导抑制肾素-血管紧张素系统和炎症，从而发挥其对心血管疾病的预防功效	[2]
老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者	男(7)、女(3)	70.1	中国浙江森林	森林浴	180 min/d, 3 d	通过减少炎症和压力水平，森林浴对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的健康具有促进作用	[23]
老年冠心病患者	男、女共10人	62.3	立陶宛公园	森林浴	30 min/d, 7 d	在公园中行走比在城市环境中行走更有利于改善老年冠心病患者的心脏功能	[24]
中老年人	男(43)、女(85)	60	日本森林	森林浴	120 min/d, 13 d	短期森林浴可调节中年、老年人的心率和血压	[25]
老年慢性心力衰竭患者	男(12)、女(11)	72.86	中国浙江森林	森林浴	180 min/d, 4 d	森林浴可减少老年慢性心力衰竭患者脑钠素、炎性细胞因子，并降低氧化应激水平，从而可作为一种辅助疗法	[26]
糖尿病患者	男、女共68人男、女共169人	61	日本森林	森林浴	30 min/d, 1 d 60 min/d, 1 d	森林浴可有效降低糖尿病患者的血糖浓度	[4]
正常高值血压人群	男(9)	56	日本森林	森林浴	275 min/d, 1 d	森林疗法可防止高血压恶化，从而降低心血管疾病和肾病的风险	[27]
健康人群	男(11)、女(8)	25.9	美国绿地	自然体验—散步	90 min/d, 1 d	自然体验改善心理健康可能是通过降低参与者膝下前额叶皮层的神经活动和反刍性思维水平	[28]
重度抑郁症患者	男(8)、女(12)	26	美国公园	自然体验—散步	50~55 min/d, 1 d	增强记忆力和改善情绪，但两者的调控机制无相关性	[29]
健康人群	男(12)	43.1	日本森林	森林浴	1^st d, 120 min 2^nd d, 240 min 2 d	森林浴能提高NK细胞活性，促进抗癌蛋白表达，从而增强人体免疫力	[30]
健康人群	男(10)	20.79	中国浙江森林	森林浴	180 min/d, 2 d	森林浴通过对一些病理因素的预防，促进人体健康	[31]
健康人群	男(244)、女(254)	≥20	日本森林	森林浴	140 min/d, 4 d	森林浴可缓解压力	[13]
健康人群	男(45)	21.1	日本森林	森林浴	30 min/d, 2 d	森林浴增加积极情绪，能够促进恢复活力与精力	[32]
健康人群	男(19)	51.2	日本森林	森林浴	160 min/d, 1 d	森林浴能促使尿肾上腺素降低、尿多巴胺上升、血清脂联素增加、心率降低、负面情绪减少、活力增加	[33]
健康人群	男(26)、女(43)	21.7	中国吉林森林	森林浴	60 min/d, 1 d	推荐白桦林森林浴用于缓解学生就业压力，栎树林森林浴用于缓解女生压力	[34]
健康人群	女(13)	28.8	日本森林	森林浴	1^st d, 120 min 2^nd d, 240 min 2 d	森林浴能提高女性NK细胞活性，促进抗癌蛋白表达，从而增强人体免疫力	[35]
男性飞行员	男(15)	30.5	中国辽宁森林	森林浴	90 min/d, 15 d	森林浴可提高对军事飞行员的疗养效果	[36]

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(54)

[1]	邓三龙.森林康养的理论研究与实践[J].世界林业研究, 2016, 29(6):1-6. http://www.sjlyyj.com/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?flag=1&file_no=20160601&journal_id=sjlyyj
[2]	MAO G X, CAO Y B, LAN X G, et al. Therapeutic effect of forest bathing on human hypertension in the elderly[J]. Journal of Cardiology, 2012, 60(6):495-502. doi: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2012.08.003
[3]	PARK B J, TSUNETSUGU Y, KASETANI T, et al. The physiological effects of Shinrin-yoku (taking in the forest atmosphere or forest bathing):evidence from field experiments in 24 forests across Japan[J]. Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine, 2010, 15(1):18-26. doi: 10.1007/s12199-009-0086-9
[4]	OHTSUKA Y, YABUNAKA N, TAKAYAMA S. Shinrin-yoku (forest-air bathing and walking) effectively decreases blood glucose levels in diabetic patients[J]. International Journal of Biometeorology, 1998, 41(3):125-127. doi: 10.1007/s004840050064
[5]	BRATMAN G N, HAMILTON J P, DAILY G C. The impacts of nature experience on human cognitive function and mental health[J]. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2012, 1249(1):118-136. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06400.x
[6]	刘拓, 何铭涛.发展森林康养产业是实行供给侧结构性改革的必然结果[J].林业经济, 2017, 39(2):39-42. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=671451601
[7]	HARTIG T, EVANS G W. Psychological foundations of nature experience[J]. Advances in psychology, 1993, 96:427-457. doi: 10.1016/S0166-4115(08)60053-9
[8]	TSUNETSUGU Y, PARK B J, MIYAZAKI Y. Trends in research related to "Shinrin-yoku"(taking in the forest atmosphere or forest bathing) in Japan[J]. Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine, 2010, 15(1):27-37. doi: 10.1007/s12199-009-0091-z
[9]	MIYAZAKI Y, IKEI H, SONG C. Forest medicine research in Japan[J]. Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi, 2014, 69(2):122-135. doi: 10.1265/jjh.69.122
[10]	陈鑫峰, 沈国舫.森林游憩的几个重要概念辨析[J].世界林业研究, 2000, 13(1):69-76. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-4241.2000.01.012
[11]	周彩贤, 张峰, 冯达, 等.北京市以森林疗养促进公众健康对策研究[J].北京林业大学学报(社会科学版), 2015, 14(2):13-16. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/bjlydxxb-shkx201502003
[12]	Van DEN BERG A E, KOOLE S L, Van DER WULP N Y. Environmental preference and restoration:(how) are they related?[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2003, 23(2):135-146. doi: 10.1016/S0272-4944(02)00111-1
[13]	MORITA E, FUKUDA S, NAGANO J, et al. Psychological effects of forest environments on healthy adults:Shinrin-yoku (forest-air bathing, walking) as a possible method of stress reduction[J]. Public Health, 2007, 121(1):54-63. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2006.05.024
[14]	HARTIG T, EVANS G W, JAMNER L D, et al. Tracking restoration in natural and urban field settings[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2003, 23(2):109-123. doi: 10.1016/S0272-4944(02)00109-3
[15]	LAUMANN K, GÄRLING T, STORMARK K M. Selective attention and heart rate responses to natural and urban environments[J]. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 2003, 23(2):125-134. doi: 10.1016/S0272-4944(02)00110-X
[16]	KARJALAINEN E, SARJALA T, RAITIO H. Promoting human health through forests:overview and major challenges[J]. Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine, 2010, 15(1):1-8. doi: 10.1007/s12199-008-0069-2
[17]	LACHOWYCZ K, JONES A P. Greenspace and obesity:a systematic review of the evidence[J]. Obesity Reviews, 2011, 12(5):183-189. doi: 10.1111/obr.2011.12.issue-5
[18]	陈力川, 汪思亮, 余苏云, 等.NK细胞在肿瘤免疫治疗中的研究进展[J].肿瘤, 2017, 37(1):101-106. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/zgzlswzlzz200901002
[19]	LANIER L L. NK cell recognition[J]. Annual Review of Immunology, 2005, 23:225-274. doi: 10.1146/annurev.immunol.23.021704.115526
[20]	LI Q. Effect of forest bathing trips on human immune function[J]. Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine, 2010, 15(1):9-17. doi: 10.1007/s12199-008-0068-3
[21]	王茜, 王成, 董建文.福建柏树林环境对小鼠自发行为的影响[J].生态学杂志, 2015, 34(9):2521-2529. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/stxzz201509018
[22]	王茜, 王成, 王艳英.毛竹林森林浴对小白鼠自发行为的影响[J].林业科学, 2015, 51(5):78-86. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/lykx201505009
[23]	JIA B B, YANG Z X, MAO G X, et al. Health effect of forest bathing trip on elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease[J]. Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, 2016, 29(3):212-218. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=bes201603007
[24]	GRAZULEVICIENE R, VENCLOVIENE J, KUBILIUS R, et al. The effect of park and urban environments on coronary artery disease patients:a randomized trial[J]. BioMed Research International, 2015, 2015:1-9. http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4486308
[25]	YU C P, LIN C M, TSAI M J, et al. Effects of short forest bathing program on autonomic nervous system activity and mood states in middle-aged and elderly individuals[J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2017, 14(8):897. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14080897
[26]	MAO G, CAO Y, WANG B, et al. The salutary influence of forest bathing on elderly patients with chronic heart failure[J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2017, 14(4):368. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14040368
[27]	OCHIAI H, IKEI H, SONG C, et al. Physiological and psychological effects of forest therapy on middle-aged males with high-normal blood pressure[J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2015, 12(3):2532-2542. doi: 10.3390/ijerph120302532
[28]	BRATMAN G N, HAMILTON J P, HAHN K S, et al. Nature experience reduces rumination and subgenual prefrontal cortex activation[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2015, 112(28):8567-8572. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1510459112
[29]	BERMAN M G, KROSS E, KRPAN K M, et al. Interacting with nature improves cognition and affect for individuals with depression[J]. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2012, 140(3):300-305. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2012.03.012
[30]	LI Q, MORIMOTO K, NAKADAI A, et al. Forest bathing enhances human natural killer activity and expression of anti-cancer proteins[J]. International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology, 2007, 20(Suppl 2):3-8. http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/17903349
[31]	MAO G X, LAN X G, CAO Y B, et al. Effects of short-term forest bathing on human health in a broad-leaved evergreen forest in Zhejiang Province, China[J]. Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, 2012, 25(3):317-324. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=bes201203010
[32]	TAKAYAMA N, KORPELA K, LEE J, et al. Emotional, restorative and vitalizing effects of forest and urban environments at four sites in Japan[J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2014, 11(7):7207-7230. doi: 10.3390/ijerph110707207
[33]	LI Q, KOBAYASHI M, KUMEDA S, et al. Effects of forest bathing on cardiovascular and metabolic parameters in middle-aged males[J]. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2016(2):1-7. http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4963577/
[34]	GUAN H, WEI H, HE X, et al. The tree-species-specific effect of forest bathing on perceived anxiety alleviation of young-adults in urban forests[J]. Annals of Forest Research, 2017, 60(2):327-341.
[35]	LI Q, MORIMOTO K, KOBAYASHI M, et al. A forest bathing trip increases human natural killer activity and expression of anti-cancer proteins in female subjects[J]. Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents, 2008, 22(1):45-55. http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/18394317
[36]	李博, 聂欣.疗养期间森林浴对军事飞行员睡眠质量影响的调查分析[J].中国疗养医学, 2014, 23(1):75-76. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/zglyyx201401049
[37]	刘海方.黑龙江省森林食品产业发展战略研究[D].哈尔滨: 东北农业大学, 2015. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=degree&id=Y2771542
[38]	张宏霞, 武宏伟, 刘新民.抗疲劳药食两用中药现状分析[J].湖南中医药大学学报, 2017, 37(10):1166-1172. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/hnzyxyxb201710030
[39]	朱小峰.金银花活性成分研究[D].河南开封: 河南大学, 2014. http://med.wanfangdata.com.cn/Paper/Detail/DegreePaper_Y2543968
[40]	朱会霞.覆盆子黄酮抗氧化活性研究[J].现代食品科技, 2012, 28(10):1302-1305. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/gznykx201511043
[41]	陈群, 杨桂文, 安利国.银杏白果多糖的提取、纯化和分析[J].中国药学杂志, 2002, 37(5):331-333. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-2494.2002.05.004
[42]	余亚鸣.黄精的活性成分研究[D].天津: 天津医科大学, 2017.
[43]	JOHNS T, MAUNDU P. Forest biodiversity, nutrition and population health in market-oriented food systems[J]. Unasylva, 2006, 224(57):34-40.
[44]	VINCETI B, EYZAGUIRRE P, JOHNS T. The nutritional role of forest plant foods for rural communities[M]//CAROL C. Human Health and Forests. London, England: Routledge, 2008: 63-96.
[45]	刘正祥, 张华新, 刘涛.我国森林食品资源及其开发利用现状[J].世界林业研究, 2006, 19(1):58-65. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-4241.2006.01.013
[46]	严小青.中国古代植物香料生产、利用与贸易研究[D].南京: 南京农业大学, 2008. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10307-2009076970.htm
[47]	李晓花, 孔令学, 刘洪章.沙棘有效成分研究进展[J].吉林农业大学学报, 2007, 29(2):162-167. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5684.2007.02.011
[48]	王会, 马文秀, 孟宪磊, 等.红枣枸杞茶饮料的研制[J].湖北农业科学, 2013, 52(22):5561-5563. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0439-8114.2013.22.049
[49]	孙汉巨, 高韩玉, 钟昔阳, 等.覆盆子功能饮料加工工艺的研究[J].食品科学, 2005, 26(8):131-134. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1002-6630.2005.08.025
[50]	谢杏初, 于心, 张挺秀, 等.新疆天山、阿尔泰山山地森林脑炎自然疫源地考察报告[J].地方病通报, 1991, 6(3):109-114. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-DFBT199103033.htm
[51]	MOORE B. Itching for the woods:forests, allergies and irritants[J]. Unasylva, 2006, 224(57):51-55.
[52]	MILLIGAN C, BINGLEY A. Restorative places or scary spaces?:the impact of woodland on the mental well-being of young adults[J]. Health & Place, 2007, 13(4):799-811. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1353829207000111
[53]	龚梦柯, 吴建平, 南海龙.森林环境对人体健康影响的实证研究[J].北京林业大学学报(社会科学版), 2017, 16(4):44-51. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=perio&id=QKC20172018011800026089
[54]	BRATMAN G N, DAILY G C, LEVY B J, et al. The benefits of nature experience:improved affect and cognition[J]. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2015, 138:41-50. doi: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.02.005